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Sildenafil citrate, the active component, belongs to a class of drugs known as phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors. It works by blocking the PDE5 enzyme, which regulates blood flow in the penis. By inhibiting this enzyme, sildenafil citrate enhances the effects of nitric oxide, a natural chemical the body produces to relax muscles in the penis. This relaxation allows increased blood flow into the penile tissues, leading to an erection in response to sexual stimulation.